Given the broad range of applications, detention times can be greater or shorter. In water and wastewater treatment, the terms detention or retention time are most generally used, while the term residence time is more common in petrochemical applications. This will be a fraction of the steam generation rate.Different industries use this concept, from water and wastewater treatment plants and pharmaceutical industries to petrochemical facilities. Now that you have the feed water rate, you need to determine the amount of condensate return coming back from your heating or process steam system. Step 3: Estimate Boiler System Makeup using the Feed Water Rate and Estimated Percent of Condensate Returned The feed water rate can be estimated using the following equation:įeed Water Rate (gal/day) = Steam Generation Rate (gal/day) ÷ The feed water supplied to the boiler is equal to the sum of the steam leaving the boiler and the blowdown discharged from the boiler. Step 2: Estimate Feed Water Rate using the Steam Generation Rate and Cycles of Concentration Steam Generation Rate (gal/day) = Steam Rate (pounds/day) ÷ 8.314 (pounds/gal) Therefore, you'll need to convert this into gallons using the following formula: Your steam generation rate is likely tracked in terms of pounds per unit of time (hours or days ). Step 1: Convert Steam Generation Rate into Gallons
The following steps provide a methodology to determine the average daily water use of a steam boiler system. Most large steam generating systems track steam production on per hour or per day basis.
If you don't have a softener system or cannot reasonably estimate the water passing through the softeners, the next methodology can be used as an alternative. Using these two items the daily water use for the steam boiler system can be estimated using the following equation:ĭaily Use (gal/day) = Regeneration Volume (gal/regen) × Typical Regeneration Frequency (regeneration/week) ÷ 7 (days/week) The typical frequency of regeneration can be requested from the softener supplier. The frequency of regeneration is a calculated value that represents the amount of softening needed over a given period of time to remove the hardness from the water. The frequency of regeneration is also required to estimate daily water use. This value is the expected volume of water per regeneration cycle based on site specific water hardness.
#Gallons per day engineering calculator manual#
This volume may be recorded in the manual or provided by the softener supplier. The softener system will be programmed to provide a certain volume of conditioned water. If your steam boiler system has a water softener you can estimate the amount of water provided to the boiler using the volume of water provided by the softener between regenerations and the frequency the softener system is regenerated. If the makeup water to the boiler is not metered, the quantity can be estimated by knowing either softener performance or steam generation rate. Steam generating boilers use water to offset losses from the system from boiler blowdown and leaks or losses in the steam distribution system and condensate return.
#Gallons per day engineering calculator full#
The full load daily water use from the table is 21,920 gallons per day.ĭaily Use (gal/day) = Full Load Water Use 21,920(gal/day) × 6 hours / 24 hours Divide the typical daily operating hours by 24 and multiply this number by the full load value in the table.īelow is an example of a cooling tower operating at three cycles of concentration rejecting heat from a 400-ton chiller that operates typically six hours per day. This can be done prorating the full load value in the table. To make this daily water use more accurate, you will need to incorporate the number of hours the system operates. Most systems do not operate 24 hours per day. The usage levels presented in the table are for 24-hour operations. Daily Cooling Tower Water Use at Full Load (Gallons per Day) Cycles Of Concentration
The table below provides total daily water usage for a system that operates a full load 24 hours per day, based on chiller tonnage and cooling tower cycles of concentration. To estimate daily water use for a cooling tower, you'll need: In addition to evaporative losses, cooling towers also lose water to blowdown, system leaks, and drift (water droplets that escape the cooling tower structure as a result of system air flow and wind-effect air flow). Open-recirculating cooling tower systems use large volumes of water through the process of evaporation to provide process or comfort cooling.
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